Crows are very smart, intelligent, and very creative. Just as the ancient Celts used birch twigs to ward off evil at Summer’s end, we can use Birch Jewelry to symbolize protection and to give us strength and courage when it’s most needed. The spiral has. It now plays a significant role in Christmas celebrations. Similar Posts. St. If you're in the market for a beautifully intrinsic Celtic jewelry design, look no further than Celtic DNA Jewelry. Sitting with trees and intuitively receiving impressions from them. Cut the apple in two halves and put them on the table, facing up. Apart from its medicinal benefits from this plant, it carries the power to protect you from negative energy, and attract good luck into your life. The eerie etchings were carved into the stone walls of Creswell Crags near. Being an Aquatic flower, the lotus grows underwater in murky, difficult conditions. Today is the first day of Celtic Advent, and once more I am relishing this early taste of Advent. As the name suggests, the Celtic shield knot symbolizes protection and has been used on various wearable items to ward off danger, harm, and evil spirits. It is one of the most potent symbol to defend from evil spirit energies and attacks from spirits and demons. The Celtic Cross is a symbol that is found in Celtic culture. Disks or balls, consisting of concentric blue and white circles (usually, from inside to outside. Celtic Crystal Designs. Symbol Meanings in Online Slot Games. Hopi healing hand. Fast shipping and buyer protection. The pentacle is one of the most powerful Wiccan symbols of protection. For instance the practice of hanging a few good luck charms in the house to ward of evil eye or evil spirits is common. It is used to ward off evil and sickness. Celts had a vast variety of knot symbols, used both as decoration and a symbol of higher values and realities. While you fight off the sudden faint feeling, you remember that the ridiculously steep deposit is only refundable at the end of the trip. Star of David (Hexagram) 7. RELATED: 26 Symbols Of Love And Their Meanings Explained Not only do these specific symbols represent strength, but they remind us that we have the courage and drive within us to keep going, to. The Luckenbooth is one of the most. The Dara Knot is a symbol of. The astrological symbol of Cancer, the Crab is thought to protect against astral attack. Metaphorically, the thorns represent a rampart, an. stones Stones are credited with many Magic, Healing and lucky properties. In some cultures, it is believed that if a cat sleeps on your head, it will bring good luck and ward off evil. It has also been believed to represent the five wounds of Christ and was thought to be a symbol to ward off all evil. The talismans created to protect against the evil eye are also frequently called "evil eyes". The Tartan Knot Symbol: This symbol represents protection. The Green Man. Having this spiritual and sacred symbol on a Celtic spiral wedding band really adds a greater depth of meaning to a wedding band. The symbol is always fourfold based, but within a greater unity. Crossword Clue The crossword clue Spell to ward off evil. TURKISH EYE JEWELRY The Egyptian Eye: The Eye of Horus, also known as the "Egyptian Eye," is an ancient Egyptian symbol of protection, royal power, and good health. In Wicca, the horned sign is performed during religious ceremonies to reference the horned god. Sphinx 12. As it has no beginning and no end, the interwoven knot stand for protection that cannot be broken. Runes are thought to be magical and were used by people to ward off evil and to divine the future. The Celtic Shield Knot is thought to symbolise the 4 elements. Goddess Triple Spiral: This symbol represents the three phases of the journey through womanhood-maiden mother and crone. In general, this symbol represents the cycle of life, death, and rebirth. The Harp. Harp brooch. There are everyday items too, such as red string worn as a bracelet (kabbalah) and black salt which can remove hexes and ward off spirits. The Celtic Cross is a symbol that is found in Celtic culture. Celtic Collection is a Collection of Charms, that are a collection of knots which are as old as the 5th century. The Tree of Pain symbol had been passed down to the ancient Celts from many centuries. It also means satan will take care of your finances. Being an Aquatic flower, the lotus grows underwater in murky, difficult conditions. The Ailm symbol is the sixteenth letter of the Ogham alphabet, an ancient form of writing that can be found on stones across Ireland. Many of the symbols are an important representation of gods, their protection and power as well as their connection to agriculture. Because the Celtic Shield Knot would ward off evil spirits. Eye of Horus 4. Similar Images. This symbol is most commonly used to ward off negativity and to provide protection. The pentagram symbol is a five-pointed star, sometimes within a circle. With its all-seeing eye, the Hamsa is thought to ward off the Evil Eye. It is a symbol used to ward off evil. A similar prayer is still in use amongst many cultures around the world. There’s no turning back now. Ogham is the oldest known form of written Irish. Another suggests that She was intended to ward off danger. To your surprise, you realize that your hiking companions are the actual Celtic gods and goddesses. the brooch or necklace would be put on the baby to ward off evil. Mano Fico - The Fig Hand. In the age of the Celts, Beltane was the Celtic symbol celebrating the return of the warm months and the sun. The Celtic shield is often used to ward off evil spirits, and also for protection. Celtic knots are associated with infinity and the shield knot is no exception. This representation is due to the ability of the creature to defend itself when threatened. On a less hostile understanding, the boar, with its sexual prowess, was used to symbolize a male and female’s passion in the bedroom. A big guy claps his hand on your shoulder and says, “Fear not, tiny mortal. pitbulls and parolees where are they now; fusion 360 key; cute small cars; metoprolol and bananas; playforceone com. Wearing an evil eye as an amulet is believed to provide protection against evil forces. For example, large animals that might feed on the leaves, twigs and sap are kept away by the promise of pain. Ireland has been home to various civilisations for thousands of years with its rich history. The Celtic-Pagan Wheel of the Year, the Wheel card of the Tarot, . The four Celtic fire festivals are Imbolc (also known as Candlemas), Beltane (May Day), Lughnasadh (also known as Lammas or Lughnasa), and Samhain (also known as Halloween). Any way it is used symbolizes evil. As the written symbols used by Jews, Muslims, and Christians to ward off the evil eye, the Hamsa has a similar meaning and brings luck, happiness, and good health whoever owns one. Magic Book. They can also adapt to their environment and find food and shelter even in the harshest conditions. The Celtic shield is often used to ward off evil spirits, and also for protection. pendant and the squat wooden or stone totems showing the same design attributes, are a local version of Bes, the Southern Egyptian god of pregnant women mothers, children and the home. The Horned God. This symbol is believed to be an ancient celtic symbol (celtic people were considered to be ancient people of Europe). The Lion Rampant emblem is considered the unofficial flag of Scotland and is often referred to as "The Royal Standard of Scotland". bundles of Birch twigs were used to ward off evil. 21 Celtic protection ideas | celtic, sigil, celtic symbols Celtic protection 21 Pins. It is a favorite witchcraft symbol in stregheria and. Celtic Circles Celtic circles, on the other hand, symbolize the eternal cycle of life and death. That's what the Celtic Cross began as: a symbol of life and heat, and one that the Nazis took and turned into a sign of, uh, being just the absolute worst. Indeed, the Celtic calendar had only two seasons, and May 1 was the first day of summer - the first day of the 'season of brightness' that would run until the Samhain (November 1st), the first day of the 'season of darkness'. In Norse Viking mythology, ash was referred to as the 'Tree of Life'. ( Public Domain ) Note the hand gesture of the Spanish gypsy who thinks she is being given the evil eye. design 101: moroccan decor, symbols and culture. Today, there are still many people who fear the Evil Eye, a harmful power that comes from emotions such as envy or greed. These rings of circles created from interwoven bands appear in all kinds of intricate forms and designs. As primarily a Celtic symbol, the use of the Triquetra has become more common in the past 2 centuries as. . to prevent. First, the modern meaning: poison. The Toxically Complicit have a moral compass; they just stick it in their pockets and follow the crowd. Afterward, he released Owls over his troops and they settled on their shields and helmets, signifying victory in battle. Ancient peoples believed that Rowan had the power to ward off evil spirits and offer protection from bad luck. Sep 3, 2015 - Celtic shield for ward evil spirit and protection. Included in these Charms is the Shamrock, which is supposed to ward of evil as well as used as a Symbol of the Holy Trinity. People in the 17th century believed that it protected them against witchcraft. Because the Celtic Shield Knot would ward off evil spirits. While it is hard to track the origins of its history, one can quickly get the feeling of an amulet at a glance. Nowadays, the shield knot is engraved on jewelry, bags, and even journals, just to name a few, but it still maintains its original structure of four-cornered pieces interwoven within each other. They are usually square-shaped emblems within a circle, but they can also be square-shaped emblems within a circle. According to Astronlogia, turmeric is a natural substance of the Earth that forms a bio-magnetic shield around a person when consumed. The Shield Knot is one of the lesser-known but equally recognisable Celtic symbols. It’s said to bring love, hope and good fortune. 5 de jul. to prevent someone or something unpleasant from harming or coming close to you: 2. It also contains the geometric basis for the delineation of a special shape. People and Animals. The Celts didn't keep records of the meanings of the designs they created but. It can be adjusted both 16 inch (41cm) or 17. Dragon 9. "For centuries, Celtic symbols and signs held incredible power for the ancient Celts in every way of life. These rings of circles created from interwoven bands appear in all kinds of intricate forms and designs. Handcrafted & Hallmarked in Ireland; Includes high quality silver chain; Presents in luxury wooden box; Fine polish creates a beautiful contrast oxidized Celtic knot and the rich green tones of the Connemara marble. Meanwhile, an arrow facing to the right is meant as protection and an arrow facing down means peace. Such an evil spiritA soul tie is a spiritual. People set bonfires on hilltops to ward off the evil spirits before the start of the winter season. Instead, they're gently pulled, woven, and hung from a home's doors to ward off evil. Knotwork is said to ward off evil spirits, and some believe the more . Their beliefs and customs were immortalized in symbols that date to as far back as 3,000 BCE. They believed that the evil spirits would quickly run away once they saw this image. Celtic Cross. Celtic culture is full of knots, and most of them symbolize protection. protective signs and symbols to ward off evil and bad luck. Its history also signifies the gravity of sacrifice and family. It may also be used in teas for clairvoyance and to aid in divination. Celtic Symbols from Ancient Times ; Buddhist Symbols ; Greek Symbols ; Triple Moon Symbol. In Roman art, apotropaic imagery was a common theme. SIGNS AND SYMBOLS One of the ways in which owners, occupants and visitors to buildings sought to ward off evil was by carving protective symbols, as graffiti, into the structure’s fabric. An arrow facing to the left is meant to ward off evil. As protector and nurturer of life force, she is certainly a powerful symbol. Patrick combined the symbol of Christianity, a cross, with the symbol of the sun, to give pagan followers an idea of the importance of the cross by linking it with the idea of the life-giving properties of the sun. Read more ». In these black ideas, the broomstick is a symbol of the male phallus, on which the witch flights as well as dives. The Celtic shield knot is believed to ward off evil spirits and all forms of negativity, making it a very effective tool for empaths! 5. Included in these Charms is the Shamrock, which is supposed to ward of evil as well as used as a Symbol of the Holy Trinity. Prepare for a potentially unlucky and. Another, less dramatic, theory for the origin of the name is that a night watchman was generically known as “Jack” (similar. Pentacle (Pentagram) 6. The three sides represent earth, water and fire. Irish Celtic. Many of the symbols are an important representation of gods, their protection and power as well as their connection to agriculture. Futhark Runes, of course [not sure which . To your surprise, you realize that your hiking companions are the actual Celtic gods and goddesses. The Celtic Tree of Life Symbol and what it represents Also known as Crann Bethadh, the Celtic Tree of Life is an ancient symbol of Celtic Mythology. The Christmas plant was a considered sacred by the druids and was thought to ward off evil, restore health and bestow fertility. Usually in this symbol it is always square, possibly to represent the 4 elements, earth, air, fire, and water. Most often these symbols were found in burial mounds as the Celts believed they contained powers that were able to ward off evil spirits that would prevent the spirit from passing to the. Squares These are shield knots considered symbols to ward off evil spirits or bad intentions. #2 Crescent Moon. Many people across the world have received tattoos or talismans of this object so that they can do this. Hopi healing hand. In Japan and China, a red maple leaf is used as an emblem for lovers and reminds one of the beauties of love in everyday life. Magic Book. Lord, we [or I] beg you to visit this house [room] and banish from it all the deadly power of the enemy. It looks like a big blue eye and is often made of glass. Attempts to ward off the curse of the evil eye have resulted in a number of talismans in many cultures. Ladybugs are also seen as symbols of love by the Celtics. Powerful Protection Symbols. The Celts didn't keep records of the meanings of the designs they created but. Iron 11. Corn husks and. Best crystals can be ward off evil. The Signs and Symbols below mainly represent Satanism but are used in and derived from other " Religious" Activities. Horseshoes have always been a traditional symbol associated with good luck. Beginning around 450 A. This is deemed to be an ancient Celtic symbol of protection and was placed either on battle fields or near ill people as a means of warding off evil spirits . The Celts also thought the Shamrock possessed . Because, remember, like their leader, Nazis are really bad at creativity. 7 Amazing Protection Crystals To Feel Safer. Hamsa is a hand-shaped symbol, popular both in the Middle East and Africa. If you see a witch on Halloween, there's a good chance a black cat will be around. Meanwhile, an arrow facing to the right is meant as protection and an arrow facing down means peace. They tend to stay away if they perceive me as “evil”. Visualize a protective layer around you, that makes all negative energies bounce off. The Oak Tree, with its extensive root system, was seen to be mighty and able to withstand the severest of storms. The symbol contains a spiral spell (often in illegible script) to catch evil and misfortune. Hamsa is a hand-shaped symbol, popular both in the Middle East and Africa. The concept of the evil eye is famous among Jewish, Christian, Muslim, Buddhist, and Hindu civilizations and is said to have originated in Greek culture. Because of this, the Eye of Horus is often used to decorate protective amulets and other items. It’s also widely used by many modern-day Wiccans as protection against all types of evil. They also. It is also used to ward off “Maluka” or the “Evil Eye”. Ward off evil glances and surround yourself with good luck. The hawthorn is also a powerful symbol of protection against evil forces and disease. It also means satan will take care of your finances. Hyssops symbolized purity. A guide to Wiccan/pagan amulets to ward off evil and bring good fortune. Any Celtic knot with distinct corner areas can be identified as a Celtic shield knot. The Celts also see the cat as. 9 de out. The Dara Knot The Dara knot was the Celtic symbol of strength. Evil Eye Jewelry. Celtic Cross. Apple 2 September-29 September. It is paralleled by other south Asian uses of the lingam symbol. also traditionally been given to sick people to ward off evil spirits. Cameroom: too evil to name, the Owl is known only as "the bird that makes you afraid". Ogham is the oldest known form of written Irish. St Brigid was a goddess that was a giver of life, associated with spring lambs and blooming spring plant life. Usually in this symbol it is always square, possibly to represent the 4 elements, earth, air, fire, and water. Numerous talismans have been created to ward off the curse of the evil eye. The five points represent the five wounds of Christ while the Circle of Power cast a spell of defense. This symbol can also be interpreted to represent the three stages. The link between black cats, witches, and evil dates back a long way. Find your thing. You can easily improve your search by specifying the number of letters in the answer. Irish names are intricate, beautiful sounding, and wonderfully unique. Because, remember, like their leader, Nazis are really bad at creativity. Celtic Cross. Brigid, this perfectly polished cross is centered with a gloriously radiant diamond. Indeed, the Celtic calendar had only two seasons, and May 1 was the first day of summer – the first day of the ‘season of brightness’ that would run until the Samhain (November 1st), the first day of the ‘season of darkness’. The Celtic Tree of Life Symbol and what it represents. Many people across the world have received tattoos or talismans of this object so that they can do this. To your surprise, you realize that your hiking companions are the actual Celtic gods and goddesses. As it has no beginning and no end, the interwoven knot stand for protection that cannot be broken. A similar use of phallic representations to ward off the evil eye remains popular in modern Bhutan and is associated with the 500 year old Buddhist tradition of Drukpa Kunley. (See Sun). During the medieval era, Christians believed that the pentagram symbolized the five wounds of Christ and it was used to ward off evil spirits. Four-Leaf Clover. If you must dabble in the art of spell casting, you MUST have the protection that only the Pentacle can lend to you. Thor is the people's god. The Christmas plant was a considered sacred by the druids and was thought to ward off evil, restore health and bestow fertility. They believed these symbols had mystical powers to ward off evil spirits. Usually in this symbol it is always square, possibly to represent the 4 elements, earth, air, fire, and water. It is a variation on the more familiar Trinity Knot and is supposed to resemble a parent and child intertwined. skyward login loudon
The Eye of Providence is derived from the Eye of Horus, an ancient symbol used to ward off the evil eye. . Celtic symbols to ward off evil
They usually cast an evil eye by glaring at. One of the oldest and the most well-known ones is the Shield Knot. Celtic Protection Symbols Celtic Shield Knot. They also sported buckles. Celtic Cross - This is the basic Celtic cross. Bhil art is a form of tribal painting that is practised by the Bhil tribe in India, primarily in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Rajasthan. Cradles of elder wood were used to protect babies. The most recognized Celtic good luck symbol is that of the four-leaf clover. The maiden with youth exuberance and purity. Their beliefs and customs were immortalized in symbols that date to as far back as 3,000 BCE. Sphinx 12. The festival marked the end of the Harvest season and led to the beginning of winter. May your holy angels dwell here to keep us in peace, and may your blessings be upon us. The three-cornered knot represents the Triple Goddess or Holy Trinity. The Ankh. It was used to ward off evil spirits. They can also be incorporated on gift items, to increase the overall appeal. Inverted Pentagram Symbolizes the morning star, a name Satan has taken. The Celts put this design on warriors shields and on clothing, to ward off evil & sickness. Charms were also worn around their necks or as bracelets around their wrists. The Triquetra (or Celtic Shield) is sometimes used as a protective symbol by Pagans and Celtic Christians. Common Wiccan symbols in use in the religion today include: Moon symbols. Crows are very smart, intelligent, and very creative. The five points represent the 4 elements plus the spirit, and the circle connects them all. The Celtic Tree of Life Symbol and what it represents Also known as Crann Bethadh, the Celtic Tree of Life is an ancient symbol of Celtic Mythology. 2688 Union Boulevard. Lotus Flower. The Daisy Wheel, or flower of life — a symbol resembling an encircled six-petaled flower — was the most. Pempamsie 17. Celtic Symbol: The Green Dragon. This was a hugely important symbol spiritually speaking and it’s believed that the design represented the roots of an oak tree (see our guide to Celtic strength symbols for more like it). RELATED: 26 Symbols Of Love And Their Meanings Explained Not only do these specific symbols represent strength, but they remind us that we have the courage and drive within us to keep going, to. Gordian Knot The Gordian Knot is a legend of Phrygian Gordium associated with Alexander the Great. Celtic Shield Knot by Polosatik on Shutterstock. The ancient Celt's believed that these symbols had powerful and mystical powers that had the ability to ward off evil spirits. People and Animals. The meaning of evil eye jewellery is that they are designed to protect the wearer from evil and ward off the evil that has been directed at them. Fasces 6. Handcrafted & Hallmarked in Ireland; Includes high quality silver chain; Presents in luxury wooden box; Fine polish creates a beautiful contrast oxidized Celtic knot and the rich green tones of the Connemara marble. Less frequently, they have also found in diagonal lines, boxes, and mazes — and as hundreds of other variations on these themes. The Samhain symbol features a looped square, known as a Bowen Knot, and two oblong shapes interconnected at the center to create a cross. Egyptian Symbols Life Force. Satanists use it 2 points up and pagans use it one point up. They can also be incorporated on gift items, to increase the overall appeal. The Celtic shield is often used to ward off evil spirits, and also for protection. In Irish tradition, the bride may add celtic symbols to her wedding. The Christmas plant was a considered sacred by the druids and was thought to ward off evil, restore health and bestow fertility. The Celtic Spirals are another symbol associated with power yet it is most often associated with the symbol for life and is the oldest Celtic symbol on record. The Shield knot, as the name suggests, is the Celtic symbol for protection. Scarab Beetle – The dung beetle which is the Egyptian symbol of reincarnation. Like garlic is to vampires, one of the most commonly used methods of combating evil is with the use of plants. If you are going through a tough time, the beetle may signify that help is on the way. The Harp. The Celtic shield knot is believed to ward off evil spirits and all forms of negativity, making it a very effective tool for empaths! 5. I was in Sabbath at the time. Celtic, shield knot, protection symbol for all who love Nordic mythology, Celtic knots, germanic gods, Odin. check the ones that offer protection & keep you safe from evil. Dragon 9. Black Cats. It was also thought to be associated with thunder and. enhypen problematic. Latvians continue to use these ancient symbols in everyday life to ward off evil spirits and to seek protection from ancient gods. Celtic symbols were extensively used in jewelry and art and such patterns weren't derived from the nature. Elders were planted near houses to protect them from lightning. When the idea of superstition was first introduced in northern Europe, most likely by wandering Celtic tribes, horseshoes were hung above doorways in order to ward off evil goblins and mischievous fairies roaming the woods. com - Online Image Arcade! Protection Symbols Against Demons <b>protection symbols against evil spirits</b> <b>protection symbols</b> <b></b. The Celtic Tree of Life Symbol and what it represents Also known as Crann Bethadh, the Celtic Tree of Life is an ancient symbol of Celtic Mythology. In doing so, they sometimes turned to ancient folk beliefs and pseudo-theology for inspiration. Four-Leaf Clover. In October 2016 she began the process of laser tattoo removal at Erase Spa in New York City to get rid of this tattoo. Symbol Meanings in Online Slot Games. In Celtic times apples were considered the food of the Gods. Search: Witch Protection Symbols. This is why broomsticks were often made from birch. This is because the weevil is believed to be able to ward off evil spirits. Place the bay leaf on top of one of the halves as you say this: Repeat this 3 times with a loud voice. Having herbs at home can attract wealth and prosperity and also ward of negativity. It was often worn by soldiers on the battlefield to protect them from harm. This symbolism persisted throughout the centuries of European history; in Germany,. Lux Ferre July 25, 2017. The Celts put this design on warriors shields and on clothing, to ward off evil & sickness. It's to ward off the Evil Eye or to give the Evil Eye, depending on which way you do it. Fluorite. I thought I would share a list of. Pendant comes ready to wear on an 18 inch. The link between black cats, witches, and evil dates back a long way. The symbol contains a spiral spell (often in illegible script) to catch evil and misfortune. In Celtic culture, the cat is associated with the moon. Norse, Wiccan, Egyptian, Pagan, Celtic, Witch, Native American, Judaeo-Christian and many others. It is also represented by tattoos and jewelry. A big guy claps his hand on your shoulder and says, “Fear not, tiny mortal. Information on Celtic Symbols, some of which are found in our jewellery pieces. While you fight off the sudden faint feeling, you remember that the ridiculously steep deposit is only refundable at the end of the trip. I love. RELATED: 26 Symbols Of Love And Their Meanings Explained Not only do these specific symbols represent strength, but they remind us that we have the courage and drive within us to keep going, to. occult symbols, their origins and meanings. The Celtic shield knot is believed to ward off evil spirits and all forms of negativity, making it a very effective tool for empaths! 5. Sometimes in Celtic artwork you will see this. Sometimes Celtic knots were used as gifts to wish the recipient longevity. It denotes immortality in China. eyes-all-over amulet. Many people across the world have received tattoos or talismans of this object so that they can do this. Rowan trees are often planted at the entrance to a property, to prevent evil from entering. Hopi healing hand. A similar prayer is still in use amongst many cultures around the world. The word "cimaruta" is a Neapolitan variation of the Italian "cima di ruta," which means "sprig of rue. Mistletoe, while normally thought of as a cute Christmas decoration, it has deep Celtic roots and is considered to be a protective symbol for everything from love, to livestock, and babies. While you fight off the sudden faint feeling, you remember that the ridiculously steep deposit is only refundable at the end of the trip. They were initially an instrument that was played for the aristocracy. Asia: China, Japan, India and Korea. Okodee Mmowere 18. Celtic, shield knot, protection symbol for all who love Nordic mythology, Celtic knots, germanic gods, Odin, Thor, Loki, Valhalla, Asgard, Scandinavian symbols, viking, warrior, Vegvisir, Valknut, Thors Hammer, runes, pagan art, Asatru, Paganism and. By placing the index finger over the the thumb (like some strange golfers do) the hand symbolizes a fig which represents female genitalia in a calmly slang manner. Often mistaken as a Christian symbol, the Celtic Cross symbol actually dates back to the pre-Christian period (to 5000 BC) and is also referred to as the solar cross. China: the Owl is. The Celtic cross is thought to represent the four directions, while some believe it’s representative of the four elements. It’s also widely used by many modern-day Wiccans as protection against all types of evil. . fnaf sexxx, literoctia stories, slap battles autofarm script, neuropsychology conferences 2023, lndian lesbian porn, momhandjob, shy teenporn, craigslist concord new hampshire, influencera gone wild, mals disease life expectancy, black on granny porn, wuzhi audio zktb21 co8rr